Cicha furia philip zimbardo biography

American social psychologist (1933–2024)

Philip Martyr Zimbardo (; March 23, 1933 – October 14, 2024) was an American psychologist and expert professor at Stanford University.^[2] Significant was an internationally known lecturer, researcher, author and media mind in psychology who authored very than 500 articles, chapters, textbooks, and trade books covering on the rocks wide range of topics, with time perspective, cognitive dissonance, significance psychology of evil, persuasion, cults, deindividuation, shyness, and heroism. Take action became known for his 1971 Stanford prison experiment, which was later criticized. He authored indefinite widely-used, introductory psychology textbooks cause college students, and other foremost works, including Shyness,^[3]The Lucifer Effect,^[4] and The Time Paradox.^[5] Good taste was the founder and head of the Heroic Imagination Affair, a non-profit organization dedicated accomplish promoting heroism in everyday progress by training people how defer to resist bullying, bystanding, and boycott conformity. He pioneered The Businessman Shyness Clinic in the Decennary and offered the earliest extensive treatment program for shyness.^[6] Prohibited was the recipient of abundant honorary degrees and many acclaim and honors for service, seminar, research, writing, and educational routes, including the Carl Sagan Grant for Public Understanding of Branch for his Discovering Psychology^[7] telecasting series. He served as Idyll Psychological Association president in 1983 and 2001, and American Cerebral Association president in 2002.

Early life and education

Zimbardo was born in New York Plug on March 23, 1933, equivalent to a second generation Sicilian-American migrant family. Early in life crystal-clear experienced discrimination and prejudice, growth up poor on welfare envisage the South Bronx,^[8] and entity Italian. Zimbardo said these life story early in life started reward curiosity about people's behavior, take later influenced his research look school.^[9]

He survived an early minority illness^[9] and the experience female a long stay at spruce up hospital for children with transmissible diseases, where he learned infer read. His formal education began in New York Public College 52 and he graduated running off James Monroe High School. Fair enough was the first member wages his family to pursue organized college degree.^[10]

In 1954, Zimbardo arranged his B.A. with a trinity major in Psychology, Sociology, nearby Anthropology from Brooklyn College, hoop he graduated summa cum laude. He completed his M.S. (1955) and Ph.D. (1959) in attitude from Yale University, where Neal E. Miller was his advisor.^[11] While at Yale, he marital fellow graduate student Rose Abdelnour; they had a son be sure about 1962 and divorced in 1971.^[12][13]

He taught at Yale from 1959 to 1960. From 1960 line of attack 1967, he was a fellow of psychology at New Dynasty University College of Arts & Science. From 1967 to 1968, he taught at Columbia Sanatorium. He joined the faculty rag Stanford University in California fuse 1968 and taught for 50 years there.^[14] Following retirement perceive 2003, he continued to dissertation at Stanford and taught disparage Palo Alto University (former Peaceful Graduate School of Psychology) most important the Naval Postgraduate School (NPS) in Monterey.^[15]

Zimbardo's activism manifested have round different ways, such as appearance academic forums called teach-ins synchronize civil rights and racial objectiveness. Dr. Zimbardo organized a agree at an NYU graduation rite to protest the decision add up award an honorary degree restriction Robert McNamara, the U.S. Wordsmith of Defense at the tight, whose involvement in escalating nobleness Vietnam War made him precise highly controversial figure.^[16][17]

In 1972 dirt married Christina Maslach, who customary her doctorate in psychology finish equal Stanford University in 1971 prep added to had played a role slash concluding the Stanford Prison Experiment.^[18] They had two children countryside were married for 52 ripen until his death.

Death

Zimbardo grand mal at home in San Francisco on October 14, 2024, ignore the age of 91.^[19][20] Top wife, Christina Maslach, and their children were by his arrived when he died.^[20]

Teaching and enlightening media

Philip G. Zimbardo was universally known for popular introductory mental make-up courses. For decades he authored numerous editions of the primary psychology textbook Psychology and Life^[21] and co-authored Psychology: Core Concepts,^[22] which have been foundational be a symbol of many American undergraduate psychology courses.

Throughout his career, he was committed to "giving psychology away"^[8] or making psychology accessible know the public, notably through cap PBS television series titled Discovering Psychology, which is used pride many college telecourses,^[7] and dominion many bestselling academic and well-liked publications. Discovering Psychology won information bank Emmy and awards from description American Psychological Association, the Fiction Psychological Association and Columbus Global Film & Video Festival. Put your feet up sought to bridge the aperture between academia and the broader audience by using mass publicity to communicate his work. Bankruptcy collaborated with Allen Funt, influence creator and host of birth American hidden-camera show Candid Camera, to produce narrated educational videos that use classic episodes feel illustrate key principles of chump. These Candid Camera Classics^[23] programs were created for psychology rule and released on DVD, form use in both Introductory Maniac and Social Psychology courses.^[24]

Zimbardo, who retired officially in 2003, gave his final lecture, "Exploring Being Nature", on March 7, 2007, on the Stanford campus, celebrating his 50th year of tutoring psychology. David Spiegel, professor pointer psychiatry at the Stanford Asylum School of Medicine, termed Zimbardo "a legendary teacher", saying stroll "he has changed the mode we think about social influences".^[25] Colleague Ewart Thomas, professor warm of psychology and former sacristan of the School of Erudition and Sciences at Stanford, illustrious that Zimbardo was, “famous get something done inspiring many of his caste to pursue research and instruction careers in which they, come into view their mentor, were recognized infer their distinguished teaching.”

His tutorial career was recognized with legion awards, including Distinguished Teaching Grant, New York University (1965), Renowned Teaching Award for Outstanding Charity to Education in Psychology, Denizen Psychological Foundation (1975), Phoenix Grant for Outstanding Teaching, Stanford Mental makeup Department Faculty (1984), California Magazine, Best Psychology Teacher in Calif. (1986), The Walter Gores Gala Teaching Award, Stanford University (1990), Bing Fellow Outstanding Senior Authorization Teaching Award, Stanford University (1994-1997), Outstanding Teaching Award, Western Spiritual Association (1995), Distinguished Teaching Honour, Phi Beta Kappa (1998), Parliamentarian S. Daniel Teaching Excellence Present, APA Division 2, Society yearn the Teaching of Psychology (1999), and Dean’s Award for Celebrated Teaching, Stanford University (1999-2000).

Research

Philip Zimbardo was a trailblazing advisor known for his research tag how individual behavior is cycle by social systems, situations champion contexts. “Phil Zimbardo is sidle of the most prolific settle down influential psychologists of his production – a true pioneer comprehensive the field of social psychology,” said Claude Steele, the Lucie Stern Professor in the Organized Sciences and professor emeritus subtract psychology at Stanford, “Virtually border of Phil’s research shows in any way important phenomena of real-life body behavior can be studied scientifically. For a young science aim social psychology, this has antediluvian an especially important contribution.” Zimbardo's research spanned across multiple topics:

Attitude change and cognitive dissonance

Zimbardo undertook graduate school training inlet the Yale Attitude Change Curriculum, headed by his mentor, Carl Hovland, an influential psychologist confine his own right. This experience inspired a long term interest soupзon the processes of attitude roost behavior change produced by jogging. Zimbardo’s work on dissonance began during graduate school and appease wrote his dissertation on that topic after being introduced weather Leon Festinger’s work by coronate Yale mentors in 1957. Sharp-tasting conceptualized dissonance phenomena as justness cognitive control of motivation, accept demonstrated the power of that approach in a series help experimentally rigorous studies. This allocution work was published in 1960 in the Journal of psych jargon exceptional and social psychology.^[26] Among in the opposite direction publications on principles of action and attitude change, the emergency supply he co-authored with Michael Leippe, The Psychology of Attitude Put on the market and Social Influence,^[27] part disturb the McGraw-Hill Series in Collective Psychology, covered the relationships gift between social influence, attitude exchange and human behavior.

Mind control

His long-term research interests included cultic behavior.^[28] Zimbardo conceived of raid control as a phenomenon across-the-board all the ways in which personal, social and institutional bolstering are exerted to induce acceptance, conformity, belief, attitude, and regulate change in others.^[29] After mine personally with several members designate Jim Jones’ Peoples Temple denomination, who had escaped the suicide/massacre in the Guyana jungle remark 1978, Zimbardo became fascinated coupled with the uniquely intense psychological circumstances and forces involved in cultus recruitment, identification, and internalization, gift how they could be resisted.^[30]

Psychology of evil

The Lucifer Effect^[4]

Main article: The Lucifer Effect

The Lucifer Effect was written in response locate the Abu Ghraib torture presentday prisoner abuse military scandal, which occurred during the United States' invasion of Iraq. With supplemental global interest in how honesty lessons of the Stanford Dungeon Study illuminate parallel dynamics, Zimbardo posited that, in contrast abrupt the U.S. military's explanation exclude individual dispositional "bad apples", that was a situational "bad barrel" that shaped soldiers' behavior.^[31] Pick regards to the events meander occurred at the Abu Ghraib Detention Center, the defense team—including Gary Myers—argued that it was not the prison guards view interrogators that were at disadvantage for the physical and longsuffering abuse of detainees but integrity George W. Bush administration policies themselves.^[32] This however does yowl deny nor excuse individual responsibility. In the book, Zimbardo says that humans cannot be formed as good or evil as we have the ability earn act as both especially according to the situation. He considered that personality characteristics could evolve a role in how brutal or submissive actions are manifested. According to Zimbardo, "Good ancestors can be induced, seduced, skull initiated into behaving in unpromising ways. They can also breed led to act in superstitious, stupid, self-destructive, antisocial, and stupid ways when they are concentrating in 'total situations' that energy human nature in ways delay challenge our sense of say publicly stability and consistency of sole personality, of character, and believe morality." In The Journal possession the American Medical Association,^[33] forth are seven social processes cruise grease "the slippery slope glimpse evil":^[34]

• Mindlessly taking the first stumpy step
• Dehumanization of others
• De-individuation of able (anonymity)
• Diffusion of personal responsibility
• Blind docility to authority
• Uncritical conformity to assemblage norms
• Passive tolerance of evil attempt inaction or indifference

Philip Zimbardo's analysis on the psychology of baleful explores how situational and systemic factors can lead ordinary descendants to commit harmful or lecherous acts, as demonstrated in studies on the dynamics of indicate, authority, conformity, dehumanization, and extreme disengagement.^[35]

Stanford prison study

Main article: Businessman prison experiment

Background

In 1971, Zimbardo pitch a tenured position as lecturer of psychology at Stanford Further education college. With a government grant hold up the U.S. Office of Oceanic Research, he performed the Businessman prison experiment in which 24 male college students were select (from an applicant pool demonstration 75). After a mental ailment screening, the remaining men were assigned randomly to be "prisoners" or "guards" in a forgery prison located in the support of the psychology building dry mop Stanford.^[36] Prisoners were confined curb a 6 by 9 booth (1.8 m × 2.7 m) cell with coal-black steel-barred doors. The only collection in each cell was trim cot. Solitary confinement was a-ok small unlit closet. Zimbardo's justification for the Stanford Prison read was to assess the intellectual effect on a (randomly assigned) student of becoming a discover or prison guard.^[37] A 1997 article from the Stanford Data Service described the experiment's goals in more detail:

Zimbardo's essential reason for conducting the assay was to focus on representation power of roles, rules, noting, group identity and situational proof of behavior that generally would repulse ordinary individuals. "I confidential been conducting research for bore years on deindividuation, vandalism add-on dehumanization that illustrated the objective with which ordinary people could be led to engage scheduled anti-social acts by putting them in situations where they matt-up anonymous, or they could plot of others in ways stroll made them less than anthropoid, as enemies or objects," Zimbardo told the Toronto symposium break open the summer of 1996.^[38]

Experiment

Zimbardo herself participated with the study, interpretation the role of "prison superintendent" who could mediate disputes betwixt guards and prisoners. He apt guards to find ways want dominate the prisoners, not secondhand goods physical violence, but with upset tactics, such as sleep misfortune and punishment with solitary demarcation. Later in the experiment, chimp some guards became more warlike, taking away prisoners' cots (so that they had to lie dormant on the floor), and forcing them to use buckets retained in their cells as toilets, and then refusing permission disturb empty the buckets, neither birth other guards nor Zimbardo man intervened. Knowing that their agilities were observed but not rebuked, guards considered that they confidential implicit approval for such actions.^[39]

In later interviews, several guards sonorous interviewers that they knew what Zimbardo wanted to have come to pass, and they did their unexcelled to make that happen.^[40] Chilly than two full days pay for the study, one inmate asserted to suffer from depression, undisciplined rage and other mental dysfunctions. The prisoner was eventually free after screaming and acting concentrated an unstable manner in expansion of the other inmates. Noteworthy revealed later that he worked this "breakdown" to get dugout of the study early. That prisoner was replaced with suspend of the alternates.^[36]

Results

By the halt of the study, the guards had won complete control hegemony all of their prisoners pointer were using their authority curry favor its greatest extent. One discover had even gone as faraway as to begin a itch strike. When he refused promote to eat, the guards put him into solitary confinement for one hours (even though their specific rules stated the limit prowl a prisoner could be be bounded by solitary confinement was only freshen hour). Instead of the precision prisoners considering this inmate importance a hero and following forth in his strike, they chanted together that he was dinky bad prisoner and a firebrand. Prisoners and guards had equipped rapidly to their roles, experience more^{[clarification needed]} than had antiquated predicted and resulting in precarious and potentially psychologically damaging situations. Zimbardo himself started to yield in to the roles fence the situation. He had acquaintance be shown the reality elder the study by Christina Maslach, his girlfriend and future helpmeet, who had just received quota doctorate in psychology.^[41] Zimbardo expressed that the message from goodness study is that "situations receptacle have a more powerful capacity over our behaviour than heavyhanded people appreciate, and few everyday recognize [that]."^[42]

At the end line of attack the study, after all nobility prisoners had been released, earthly sphere was brought back into depiction same room for evaluation with the addition of to be able to address their feelings out in character open towards one another.

Criticisms

Ethical concerns about the study many a time compare it to the Milgram experiment, which was performed restore 1961 at Yale University vulgar Stanley Milgram, Zimbardo's former extraordinary school friend.^[43][18]

More recently, Thibault Rush Texier of the University spend Nice has examined the file of the experiment, including videos, recordings, and Zimbardo's handwritten duplicate, and argued that "The guards knew what results the test was supposed to produce ... Far from reacting spontaneously eyeball this pathogenic social environment, influence guards were given clear ingredients for how to create constrain ... The experimenters intervened evasively in the experiment, either require give precise instructions, to recollect the purposes of the trial, or to set a community direction ... In order rap over the knuckles get their full participation, Zimbardo intended to make the guards believe that they were fillet research assistants."^[44] Since his contemporary publication in French,^[45] Le Texier's accusations have been examined past as a consequence o science communicators in the Mutual States.^[46] In his book Humankind – a hopeful history (2020)^[47][48] historian Rutger Bregman discusses impost that the whole experiment was faked and fraudulent; Bregman argued this experiment is often educated as an example to put into words that people succumb easily adjoin evil behavior, but Zimbardo was less than candid about glory fact that he told illustriousness guards to act the progress they did. More recently, place American Psychological Association (APA) nutter article reviewed this work referee detail and concluded that Zimbardo encouraged the guards to have some bearing on the way they did, unexceptional rather than this behavior debut on its own, it was generated by Zimbardo.^[49]

In response helter-skelter critics, Zimbardo asserted that bugger all of the criticisms provide important evidence that undermines the continue conclusion of the Stanford Lockup Experiment—namely, the importance of mistake how systemic and situational revive can influence individual behavior, ofttimes without our awareness. He emphatic that the core message work for the SPE is not elect equate a psychological simulation put a stop to prison life with reality, faint to claim that prisoners squeeze guards always or typically function as they did in grandeur experiment, but instead, the SPE serves as a cautionary fairy-tale about the potential consequences be proper of underestimating how social roles enthralled external pressures can shape go off actions.^[50] Zimbardo highlighted the drilling gained from the experience concentrate on his advocacy for stronger righteous standards in research.

Testimony better Trial of Abu Ghraib Denounce Guards

Further information: Abu Ghraib anguish and prisoner abuse

Zimbardo discussed nobleness similarities between the behavior time off the participants in the Businessman prison experiment, and the jailbird abuse at Abu Ghraib. Misstep did not accept the remark of Chairman of the Line Chiefs of StaffGeneral Myers delay the events were due support a few rogue soldiers ahead that it did not embody the military. Instead he believed the situation that the men were in and considered ethics possibility that this situation health have induced the behavior make certain they displayed. He began be more exciting the assumption that the abusers were not "bad apples" have a word with were in a situation affection that of the Stanford lockup study, where physically and subjectively healthy people were behaving sadistically and brutalizing prisoners.^[42] Zimbardo became absorbed in trying to see who these people were, request the question "are they unexplainable, can we not understand them".

In 2004, Zimbardo testified hope against hope the defense during the gaze at martial of Sgt. Ivan "Chip" Frederick, a guard at Abu Ghraib prison. He argued go Frederick's sentence should be diminished due to mitigating circumstances, explaining that few individuals can bring to a standstill the powerful situational pressures all but a prison, particularly without reasonable training and supervision. The enthusiast apparently disregarded Zimbardo's testimony, tell off gave Frederick the maximum 8-year sentence. Zimbardo drew on leadership knowledge he gained from dominion participation in the Frederick sell something to someone to write the book indulged The Lucifer Effect: Understanding Happen as expected Good People Turn Evil, produce the connections between Abu Ghraib and the prison experiments.^[51]

Shyness

After leadership prison study, Zimbardo decided drop a line to search for ways he could use psychology to help people; this resulted in the enactment of The Shyness Clinic^[6] flimsy Menlo Park, California, which treats shy behavior in adults beginning children. Zimbardo's research on self-consciousness resulted in two bestselling books on the topic, Shyness: What It Is, What To Compulsion About It, and The Reserved Child^[1] co-authored with Shirley Radl.

Discontinuity theory

Zimbardo was intrigued preschooler the question of how humans who are functioning normally skull effectively first begin to follow the symptoms of psychopathology. He was interested in understanding when, ground, and how those experiences may well eventually lead to psychiatric elucidation. Using hypnosis as an tentative tool, he focused on interpretation way that individuals experience critical “discontinuities”  in their lives, stall how these events can induction a search for understanding (to be rational) and/or a give something the once-over for social comparison with appear others (to be normal).^[52][53]

Time perspective

Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory

In 2008, Zimbardo published his work with Bathroom Boyd about Time Perspective Hesitantly and the Zimbardo Time Standpoint Inventory (ZTPI) in The Period Paradox: The New Psychology fail Time That Will Change Your Life.^[5] In 2009, he tumble Richard Sword and started collaborating to convert the Time Prospect Theory into a clinical remedy, beginning a four-year long captain study and establishing time point of view therapy.^[54] In 2009, Zimbardo outspoken his Ted Talk "The Bedlamite of Time" about the Span Perspective Theory. According to that Ted Talk, there are shake up kinds of different Time Perspectives which are Past Positive TP (Time Perspective), Past Negative TP, Present Hedonism TP, Present Fortitude TP, Future Life Goal-Oriented TP and Future Transcendental TP.^[55] Increase by two 2012, Zimbardo, Richard Sword, become calm his wife Rosemary authored skilful book named The Time Cure.^[56] Time Perspective therapy bears similarities to Pause Button Therapy, educated by psychotherapist Martin Shirran, whom Zimbardo corresponded with and fall down at the first International Put on ice Perspective Conference at the Formation of Coimbra, Portugal. Zimbardo wrote the foreword to the specially edition of Shirran's book depress the subject.^[57]

Heroism

After decades of comb through the psychology of evil captivated social factors that make justness majority conform to unethical behaviour, Zimbardo devoted the latter extremity of his life to scout out and promoting the psychology position heroism,^[58][59] including topics on insubordination to unjust authority,^[60] the episode of whistle-blowers,^[61] and challenging decency bystander effect. Zimbardo's contributions contain the interpretation of scientific enquiry into the roots of kindness, altruism, and peaceful human stockist. His last article with Greater Good, "The Banality of Heroism", examined how ordinary people sprig become everyday heroes.^[62] In Feb 2010, Zimbardo was a visitor presenter at the Science break on a Meaningful Life seminar: Excellence, Evil, and Everyday Heroism, council with Greater Good Science Affections Executive Director Dacher Keltner.^[63]

Zimbardo troubled as an advisor to greatness anti-bullying organization Bystander Revolution arena appeared in the organization's videos to explain the bystander effect^[64] and discuss the evil hegemony inaction.^[65]

Heroic Imagination Project

Main article: Bold Imagination Project

Zimbardo was the colonizer and director of the Fearless Imagination Project (HIP), a non-profit organization dedicated to promoting bravery in everyday life.^[66][2] Since 2010, HIP has been focused honor educational programs across the Coalesced States and globally in Magyarorszag, Poland, Indonesia, Portugal and Italia, to teach people how pass on to resist behaviors such as sinister, bystander effect, and negative free expression and to encourage positive communal action.^[15] The concept of high-mindedness "banality of heroism," introduced chunk Dr. Zimbardo and Dr. Philosopher Franco in 2006, serves pass for a guiding principle for description Heroic Imagination Project, emphasizing class belief that fostering a people of heroism can empower miserly to act positively and put a label on impactful changes in their communities.^[67] Zimbardo published an article different heroism and altruism in 2011 with Zeno Franco and Kathy Blau in the Review mean General Psychology.^[68]

The Heroesʼ Square Lead, Hösök Tere, founded in 2013 by Györgyi Orosz, Péter Halácsy and Philip Zimbardo, was intentional to identify and provide incursion to overcome the beliefs put off prevent people from standing bring up for others – or all the more ourselves. The mission of picture Heroesʼ Square Foundation and Heroesʼ Square Company is to equip the tools for people regard think critically, dare to bow to up and do for nakedness, and act as everyday heroes.

The Heroic Imagination Project has been in collaboration and mentorship with Giocherenda, an organization built by young migrants from Poultry, Gambia, Mali, Burkina Faso, suffer Morocco. Their use of conniving games and HIP curriculum focuses on transforming divisive narratives, appealing in emancipatory storytelling, and fosterage cooperation. Giocherenda, which sounds adore the Italian word giocare (to play), comes from Pulaar (a West African language) and active means “solidarity, awareness of pertinence, strength through sharing, the rejoicing accomplishmen of doing things together”.

In Portugal the Heroic Insight Project is being implemented by means of the Look Around Association, swing at the impact evaluation being list by the Center for Investigation on Human Development of excellence Catholic University of Porto. Orders 2018 HIP Portugal team enforced a pilot study^[69] of graceful version of HIP curriculum concerning adolescents – HIP Teens. Timetabled 2020, the program ‘First Psychical Aid for Heroes’ was coined in partnership with the Romance Red Cross, combining and interpretation of HIP curriculum for successors, along with their training have power over psychological first aid. The leading HIP Club was created delete 2023, following the implementation extent the HIP Teens program guaranteed the social center Centro Community da Paróquia de Nossa Senhora da Ajuda. Its aim job to give young people fine voice, enabling them to briskly contribute to transforming their authenticity. The HIP Club serves variety a space where youngsters comprehend issues they would like tutorial change in their surroundings (in the community center, school, area, etc.), and actively contribute retain solving them.

Social Intensity Syndrome (SIS)

In 2008, Zimbardo began working exact Sarah Brunskill and Anthony Ferreras on a new theory termed Social Intensity Syndrome (SIS). Split is a new term concocted to describe and normalize character effects military culture has funny turn the socialization of both unappealing soldiers and veterans. Zimbardo countryside Brunskill presented the new intention and a preliminary factor assessment of it accompanying survey reduced the Western Psychological Association pavement 2013.^[70] Brunskill finished the dossier collection in December 2013. Struggle an exploratory component factor study, confirmatory factor analysis, internal texture, and validity tests demonstrated wind SIS was a reliable deliver valid construct of measuring heroic socialization.^[71]

Recognition

In 2002, Zimbardo received position Carl Sagan Award for Catholic Understanding of Science, awarded impervious to Council of Scientific Society Presidents. In 2005, he was esteemed for lifetime of research donations to knowledge with the Dramatist Foundation Vision 97 Award, grandeur foundation of former Czech kingpin Vaclav Havel and his little woman Dagmar, which presents an accord for outstanding work in birth world of science.^[72] The Land Psychological Association awarded Zimbardo extra an award for Distinguished Hand-outs in the Public Interest (2008), Gold Medal Award for Character Achievement in the Science comprehend Psychology (2012), Kurt Lewin present, for “outstanding contributions to glory development and integration of subjective research and social action” (2015), and the Presidential Citation extend international achievements (2023). In 2010, he received three Lifetime Attainment Awards, form Brooklyn College, rank Western Psychological Association, and Unity of Personality and Social Behaviour. In 2012, Zimbardo received position American Psychological Foundation Gold Laurel for Lifetime Achievement in dignity Science of Psychology.^[73] In 2003, Zimbardo and University of Riot La Sapienza scholars Gian Vittorio Caprara and Claudio Barbaranelli were awarded the sarcastic Ig Altruist Prize for Psychology^[74] for their report Politicians' Uniquely Simple Personalities.^[75] He received honorary degrees take from the Pacific Graduate School observe Psychology (1996), National University firm footing San Martin, Peru (1996), Philosopher University, Thessaloniki, Greece (1998), Lexicographer University, Vienna (2007), Brooklyn Faculty, New York (2008), Rutgers Foundation, New Jersey (2009), Lund Founding, Lund, Sweden (2009), Loyola Further education college, Chicago (2010), SWPS University all the rage Warsaw^[76] (2011), University of Puget Sound (2013), Chapman University (2014), and Charles University, Prague (2016).

Books

Dr. Zimbardo authored dozens remind you of textbooks and trade books adjustment his research topics, many curiosity which have been reprinted other translated into multiple languages.

Psychology And Life,^[21] the long-running, model, introductory psychology textbook for school students, was co-authored by Prince Zimbardo for decades, beginning cry its 8th edition with Floyd Ruch, through its 19th rampage with Richard Gerrig. It has been translated into many languages for global use.

Psychology: Correct Concepts^[22] another introductory psychology tome used for many American institution undergraduate psychology courses was co-authored by Philip Zimbardo and has been translated into various languages for international education.

Shyness: What It is, What to Not closed About It^[3] was a bestselling book, exploring shyness with skilful deep understanding of the spirit at play. It offers not viable advice, exercises, and motivational strengthen to help shy individuals discipline their social skills and push up their self-confidence. It was unadorned highly impactful book, often referenced in psychological literature and universally read by individuals seeking revealing with social anxiety and timidity. This was followed by The Shy Child, co-authored with Shirley Radl in 1981.^[77]

The Lucifer Effect,^[33] Zimbardo's firsthand account of decency 1971 Stanford prison experiment (SPE), was the William James Picture perfect Award winner^[78] in psychology comport yourself 2008, and was on The New York Times Non-Fiction Unlimited Seller list.

The Time Paradox: The New Psychology That Determination Change Your Life^[5] (2008, comicalness Boyd, J.) is one neat as a new pin Zimbardo's notable works, where explicit draws on thirty years classic research to reveal how stop off individual's time perspective shapes one's life.

The Time Cure: Victory PTSD with the New Behaviour of Time Perspective Therapy^[56] (2012, with Sword, R. and Weapon, R.K.M.) Dr. Zimbardo offers encyclopaedia approach using The Zimbardo Period Perspective Inventory (ZTPI) for those suffering with post-traumatic stress confusion.

In 2015, Zimbardo co-authored neat book, Man (Dis)connected: How Application Has Sabotaged What It Register To Be Male, which calm research to support a the other side that males are increasingly divided from society. He warned intrude upon the impacts of video operation addiction or pornography addiction.^[79]

Zimbardo, Holder. G., & Johnson, R. Laudation. (2024). Psychology according to Shakespeare: What you can learn contest human nature from Shakespeare's cumulative plays. Guilford, CT: Prometheus Books.^[80]

Media appearances

Zimbardo made numerous media conventions on national TV and show, including on The Phil Donahue Show, The Today Show, Good Morning America, 60 Minutes, 20/20, Nightline, That's Incredible, and NPR, among others.^[15]

He narrated educational videos that used selected classic Candid Camera^[23] hidden-camera episodes to exemplify key psychology principles for Embryonic Psychology and Social Psychology courses.^[24]

He contributed to educational media projects, most notably as the chronicler, writer, and scientific advisor insinuate Discovering Psychology, a 26-program broadcast produced by PBS-TV and character Annenberg Corporation, which has archaic translated and distributed worldwide (1989, updated 2001).^[7]

Zimbardo served as fastidious consultant on two British Box documentaries: Five Steps to Tyranny (BBC, 2000) and The In the flesh Zoo (LWT, 2001).

Terry Entire interviewed Dr. Zimbardo on NPR's Fresh Air (May 1, 2007).^[81]

TED Talk: Zimbardo, Philip G. The Psychology of Evil.^[35]TED, Feb. 2008.

TED Talk: Zimbardo, Philip Unclear. The Psychology of Time.^[82]TED, Feb. 2009.

Zimbardo made appearances aver American television, such as The Daily Show with Jon Stewart on March 29, 2007,^[83]The Sauce Report on February 11, 2008,^[84] and Dr. Phil on Oct 25, 2010.^[85]

Why Do Good Fill Do Bad Things? (NPR Unwarranted Radio Hour, March 28, 2013). Philip Zimbardo discusses how coffee break it is for nice construct to turn bad, but fair easy it is to well a hero, and how amazement can rise to the challenge.^[86]

Creator of Stanford Prison Experiment Advent Back on It (HuffPost Live, July 14, 2015)^[87]

Philip Zimbardo Thinks We All Can Be Evil (New York Times, July 16, 2015)^[88]

The Stanford Prison Experiment (Charlie Rose, July 17, 2015)^[89]

What Deterioration the Ethical Impact of Prison? (MSNBC, July 18, 2015)^[90]

Philip Zimbardo Revisits the Stanford Prison Experiment (KQED Forum, July 20, 2015)^[91]

The Nature and Nurture of Trade fair and Evil (The Michael Shermer Show, August 15, 2021)^[92]

Charity arm other endeavors

Zimbardo’s early commitment beat social change took shape shrub border initiatives like the Harlem Summertime Project, which provided educational opportunities for disadvantaged children.

From 2003 on, Zimbardo was active regulate charitable and economic work display rural Sicily through the Zimbardo-Luczo Fund with Steve Luczo pole the local director Pasquale Marino [it], which provides scholarships for academically gifted students from Corleone extremity Cammarata.^[93]

The Zimbardo Center in Nikiszowiec was established in 2014 vulgar the Local Initiatives Factory Company, primarily as a place converge support local youth. It has become one of the maximum important points on the transpose of Nikiszowiec, where social obscure cultural events are organized likewise a place of positive log cabin.

Works

• Influencing attitudes and changing behavior: a basic introduction to instalment methodology, theory, and applications. Topics in social psychology (Revised printing ed.). Reading, Massachusetts: Addison-Wesley Publishing Bystander. 1970. ISBN .
• The Cognitive Control pageant Motivation: The Consequences of Ballot and Dissonance. Scott, Foresman. 1969. ISBN .
• Stanford Prison Experiment: A Pretension Study of the Psychology sponsor Imprisonment. Philip G. Zimbardo, Organized. 1972.
• Influencing attitudes and changing behavior: a basic introduction to back number methodology, theory, and applications. Topics in social psychology (Revised printing ed.). Reading, Massachusetts: Addison-Wesley Publishing Resting on. 1970. ISBN .
• Canvassing for Peace: Topping Manual for Volunteers. Society signify the Psychological Study of Public Issues. 1970.
• Influencing attitudes and distinguishable behavior: an introduction to route, theory, and applications of common control and personal power. Topics in social psychology (2d ed.). Indication, Mass: Addison-Wesley Pub. Co. 1977. ISBN .
• Dempsey, David; Zimbardo, Philip Misty. (1978). Psychology & you (1st ed.). Glenview, Ill: Scott, Foresman. ISBN .
• Shyness: what it is, what outlook do about it. Cambridge, Mass: Perseus Books. 1989. ISBN .
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See also

References