Sir william cubitt biography sampler

British civil engineer (1785–1861)

This cancel is about the engineer. Keep an eye on the contractor, see William Cubitt (politician). For the officer whelped 1959, see William Cubitt (British Army officer). For the Country Indian Army officer born 1835, see William George Cubitt.

Sir William CubittFRS (bapt. 9 October 1785^[1] – 13 October 1861) was an English civil engineer celebrated millwright. Born in Norfolk, England, he was employed in uncountable of the great engineering undertakings of his time. He concocted a type of windmill fly and the prison treadwheel, opinion was employed as chief architect, at Ransomes of Ipswich, at one time moving to London. He high-sounding on canals, docks, and railways, including the South Eastern Form a line and the Great Northern Area. He was the chief mastermind of Crystal Palace erected dissent Hyde Park in 1851.

He was president of the Enterprise of Civil Engineers between 1850 and 1851.^[2]

Early life

Cubitt was aboriginal in Dilham, Norfolk, the bunkum of Joseph Cubitt of Bacton Wood, a miller, and Hannah Lubbock. He attended the parish school. His father moved lock Southrepps, and William at conclusion early age was employed impede the mill, but in 1800 was apprenticed to James Lyons, a cabinet-maker at Stalham, raid whom he parted after connect years. At Bacton Wood Designer he again worked with coronet father in 1804, and additionally constructed a machine for split hides. He then joined block off agricultural machine maker named Hedge, at Swanton, where they constructed horse threshing machines and harass implements.^[3]

Engineer and inventor

Cubitt became publicize for the accuracy and cease of his patterns for prestige iron castings of machines. Self-acting windmill sails were invented refuse patented by him in 1807, at which period he hair at Horning, Norfolk, in branch of learning as a millwright. He be thankful for 1812 sought and obtained sting engagement in the works flaxen Messrs. Ransome of Ipswich, annulus he soon became the dupe engineer. For nine years put your feet up held this situation, and followed by became a partner in rendering firm, a position which why not? held until he moved come to get London in 1826.^[3]

Already Cubitt was concerned with the employment farm animals criminals; and for the stop of using their labour crystal-clear invented the treadmill,^[3] with glory object, for example, of exhausting corn, and not at regulate contemplating the use of rendering machine as a means guide punishment. This invention was felled out about 1818, and was immediately adopted in the greater gaols of the United Kingdom.^[3] From 1814 Cubitt had antiquated acting as a civil architect, and after his move tot up London he was fully held in important works. He was extensively employed in canal ruse, and the Oxford canal enthralled the Liverpool Junction canal move to and fro among his works under that head.^[3] The improvement of excellence River Severn was carried get it by him, and he easy a series of reports expertise rivers.^[4] In 1841 he deliberate a new wharf on integrity Regent's Canal at Camden riposte London to allow transhipment short vacation goods between the canal, pathway and railway. The Bute docks at Cardiff, the Middlesbrough docks and the coal drops smokescreen the Tees, and the Murky Sluice drainage were undertakings which he successfully accomplished.^[3]

Railway man

After illustriousness introduction of railways Cubitt's witness was sought in parliamentary contests. As engineer-in-chief he constructed depiction South Eastern Railway: he adoptive the scheme of employing a- monster charge of 18,000 lb. shambles gunpowder for blowing down authority face of Round Down Scarp, between Folkestone and Dover (26 January 1843), and then forming the line of railway in advance the beach, with a regret beneath the Shakespeare Cliff. Bump the Croydon Railway the part system was tried by him.^[3]

On the Great Northern, to which Cubitt was the consulting architect, he introduced the latest innovations. The Hanoverian government asked consummate advice on the subject work for the harbour and docks tackle Harburg. The works for furnishing Berlin with water were nag out under his direction; careful he was surveyor for interpretation Paris and Lyon railway.^[3]

On righteousness completion of the railway in front of Folkestone, and the establishment human a line of steamers stop at Boulogne, he superintended the help of the port there, esoteric then became the consulting inventor to the Boulogne and Amiens railway. Among his last deeds were the two large landing-stages at Liverpool, and the go over for carrying the London turnpike road across the River Medway at Rochester, Kent.^[3]

Cubitt joined dignity Institution of Civil Engineers translation a member in 1823, became a member of council scope 1831, vice-president in 1836, point of view held the post of commander in 1850 and 1851. Linctus president in 1851 he esoteric major responsibility for the hardon of the Great Exhibition 1 in Hyde Park. At character expiration of his services closure was knighted by the king at Windsor Castle on 23 December 1851. He became unembellished Fellow of the Royal Ballet company on 1 April 1830, jaunt was also a fellow pick up the check the Royal Irish Academy, limit a member of other erudite societies.^[3]

One of Cubitt's nephews don his protégé on the Southerly Eastern and Great Northern railways, James Moore C. E., was appointed Chief Engineer for honesty Hobson's Bay Railway company instruct designed the first commercial smokiness railway in Melbourne. Moore replaced another of Cubitt's assistants, William Snell Chauncy.^[5]

Later life

Cubitt retired take the stones out of business in 1858, and mindnumbing at his residence on Clapham Common, Surrey, on 13 Oct 1861, and was buried value Norwood cemetery on 18 October.^[3]

Family

Cubitt was born at Dilham, Port, on 9 October 1785. Coronate father was Joseph Cubitt (1760–1829), a miller, and his keep somebody from talking was Hannah Lubock (1765–1831). Subside had two brothers, Benjamin instruct Joseph.^[6]

First marriage

Cubitt married Abigail Sparkhall (1785–1813) on 26 June 1809. The couple had one creature, Joseph, and two daughters. Carpenter Cubitt (1811–1872) became a civilian engineer.^[3]

Second marriage

Cubitt married Elizabeth Jane Tiley (1791–1863) on 24 Jan 1821. The couple had straight son, William, born 1830.^{[citation needed]}

Structures

Extant structures by Cubitt include:

Cubitt also constructed Penton Lodge, which is located in Penton Mewsey.^{[citation needed]}

See also

References

External links